When A Person Should Legally Be Considered An Adult

1 Running head: Adulthood Adulthood Student Professor Course Date The question of when a person should legally be considered an adult has remained a contentious debate in both scientific and political circles. Most of the legal bars that have been set are politically inspired, scientific studies in the recent times have shed light to the numerous anomalies that these legal bars of adulthood possess. However, it is common agreement that age is the most convenient parameter in which to measure adulthood and thus makes one assume both adulthood rights and responsibilities. Until recently, not much effort had been put into finding out how different regions of the brain develop into maturity. It has however†¦show more content†¦However, many people note that there are very significant variabilities in growth that disqualifies age as the sole measure of maturity. Those include factors such as culture, environment, class, and ethnicities. For instance, the Dutch set the legal boundary for drinking to be 16 years. Comparatively, children there cannot drive till they reach the age of 18. That is pale in comparison to what is witnessed in the United States, where the drinking age is much higher and the driving age a bit lower. The environment is also another factor. Children grow in different environments. A child that has been brought up in a well to do background will normally mature slowly than one that one raised in a relatively disadvantaged background(Johnson, Blum, Griedd, 2009). The latter have to learn to fend for themselves at a much lower age and thus reach emotional maturity than the former. Parents that consider themselves to be in the upper echelons of the society will be more protective over their children. They are provided and pampered and provided for, for much longer than their counterparts from humble backgrounds. The two sets of children will be therefore logically mature at different rates all other factors kept constant. However, even though those are logical arguments against using age as the yardstick in measuring maturity, age remains the best means of doing so for various reasons. First, age is universal in nature. A child born in 2000 will still beShow MoreRelatedWhy The Drinking Age Should Be Changed1652 Words   |  7 PagesThe feasibility of why the drinking age should be changed from 21 to 18 can be shown in a variety of reasons, which would show that the drinking age should be changed. If this law was changed it would benefit several people for it would create less stress for certain people and it simply makes sense to change it. Although there will be a few people that may not agree with it, although the reasons that will be shared can help change those people’s minds. By changing this law it will help this countryRead MoreShould a Child Be Tried as an Adult?874 Words   |  3 Pagesvery interesting here in the USA how some laws and rules seem to be passed without much thought either from the people who proposed the law or the people voting on the law. Lets take for example whos considered an adult here in the USA. Once a person reaches 18 he or she is considered an adult. Once reaching this age you can move out the confinements or protection (depending on your point of view) of your parents home and live on your own. You are free to make your own decisions and do whatRead MoreThe Legal Drinking Age Should Be 18957 Words   |  4 Pages On the topic of the appropriate legal drinking ago, I stand firm on the belief that the legal drinking age should be 18. In every other aspect in America, an 18 year old person is considered an adult, legally and morally. So why aren’t these adults allowed to legally drink? 18 year old adults are permitted live on their own, vote, gamble, purchase cigarettes, and fight in a war. There is not denying the fact that teenagers are exposed to drinking prior to their 18th birthday, and many drinkRead MoreDrinking Age Should Be Lowered937 Words   |  4 PagesDrinking Age should be lowered fro m twenty one to eighteen There is no taboo subject in America quote like underage drinking. The principal problem is not the age of drinking, but the hidden binge side of it. When it comes to the law, there is always an opinion. A reform should be made about the age of drinking for numerous reasons in my personal viewpoint. In the U.S, at the age of eighteen, one can legally vote, buy cigarettes, and join the army, to cite a few things. Going against the law, criticsRead MoreEssay about Drinking Age Controversy1076 Words   |  5 PagesUnited States, a citizen is considered an â€Å"adult† at the age of 18, and with that new title comes many responsibilities, such as the right to vote and to join the army. However, the legal drinking age in America is twenty-one. This issue has been a major controversy for some time now that faces both national and state governments. Should the drinking age be lowered to the age when legally a person becomes an adult and assumes all other adult responsibilities, o r should it remain at a higher ageRead MoreChanging the Minimun Legal Drinking Age in the United States1745 Words   |  7 Pagessubject has and always will be a well discussed issue among Americans, youth, and adults until they are satisfied with the outcome. Legislation should lower the minimum legal drinking age to eighteen in the United States due to the fact that it should be consistent with all other legal rights that one acquires at age eighteen. As supporters of lowering the minimum legal drinking age argue that the age of drinking should be persistent with other legal rights such as voting, buying tobacco productsRead MoreThe Legal Drinking Age Should Be Lowered Essay1548 Words   |  7 Pagesfor underaged drinking at home, under adult supervision, or for medical purposes (â€Å"Drinking Age†). Overall, the legal opportunities for any person under twenty-one to legally drink alcohol are very scarce. There are many different points, made by people from both sides of the issue about whether or not to lower the drinking age to eighteen, or leave it where it currently stands at twenty-one. Although each side has its own arguments, the legal drinking age should be lowered to eighteen years of ageRead MoreLower the Drinking Age Essay examples1430 Words   |  6 PagesWhen people turn eighteen they are finally considered an adult. They can join the army, vote, buy cigarettes or tobacco products, get a tattoo and even die for our country. Although everyone considers that person to be an adult, they are still not old enough to buy or consume alcohol. A person can be responsible enough to live on their own, make their own money, pay their own bills, and yet they are still not considered old enough to purchase or consume any type of alcohol. Lowering the drinkingRead MoreThe Death Penalty For Juveniles946 Words   |  4 Pages The death penalty for minors differs greatly from the death penalty for adult. The law that minor could be put on death row was decided to rule against the eighth amendment. The eighth amendment prohibits the act of â€Å"cruel and unusual punishment† which putting minors on death row breaks. On March 4, 2005 the law that minors could not be put on death row for their actions was set into place. The new laws say, â€Å"They cannot punish a minor by death penalty and they cannot punish someone for a crimeRead MoreWomen s Rights And Responsibilities Of Adulthood Essay1710 Words   |  7 Pagesage advancement not only grants freedom to young adults, but legally one is expected to make and be held accountable for adult their decisions, as well. Yet, the idea of allowing one below the age of twenty-one to obtain alcohol is still illegal, which can be an unsettling thought since the government trusts eighteen to be a mature enough age to no longer be considered a minor. In spite of the fact that in order to drink an alcoholic beverage, legally, one must be above the age of twenty-one, those

Arthur Miller s The Crucible - 1191 Words

In Arthur Miller’s The Crucible, the normal criteria that a central character fits, is not met by the protagonist, John Proctor. Common traits one might expect to find in a traditional hero are humility, patience and caring. John Proctor, while he is the principal, has many qualities that could instead assume him the role of the antagonist and land him in the adversary box. His background and slight character flaws cause him to take on the the personalities of both a protagonist and antagonist. Proctor, because he exhibits qualities of both types of characters, is what is known as a tragic hero. Tragic heroes are characters within stories that due to a judgment error, is the cause of his/her own demise. In the case of Proctor, his error was made when he refuses to give up the names of other alleged witches, and refuses to allow the court to hang his confession in the center of town. John Proctor embodies three major signs of tragic heroism. Proctor, even through the rest of th e village perceives him as great, knows deep down inside that because of past sins, he will never be able to live up to his reputation. As well, John Proctor is a tragic hero because he had the power to stop his own execution, therefore his downfall was no one s’ fault but his own. This reluctance to could be seen as a character flaw. The final criteria that Proctor meets for a tragic hero is that the punishment given is way too severe for the â€Å"crime† committed. His sentence to death for being a wizardShow MoreRelatedArthur Miller s The Crucible2214 Words   |  9 PagesJohn Proctor: A tragic hero A man s reputation in many forms is his, life’s work. To have your reputation dismantled is like taking away one s accomplishments and life’s work. Arthur Miller s The Crucible is a play about justice and injustice, and how our justice system can be easily corrupted. The story revolves around a man named John Proctor, the tragic hero of this story. John Protector is a symbolic character created by Arthur Miller, because he faced the justice system head on. Proctor’sRead MoreArthur Miller s The Crucible Essay1194 Words   |  5 Pages In Arthur Miller’s The Crucible, the normal criteria that a central character fits, is not met by the apparent protagonist, John Proctor. Common traits one might expect to find in a traditional hero are humility, patience and caring. John Proctor, while he is the principal, has many qualities that could instead assume him the role of the antagonist and land him in the adversary box. His background and slight character flaw s cause him to take on the personalities of both a protagonist and antagonistRead MoreArthur Miller s The Crucible833 Words   |  4 PagesThere are an array of Aristotelian tragic heroes throughout American literature. One of which includes John Proctor, main character farmer in mid-30s, from Arthur Miller s play, The Crucible. Yet, in order for him to obtain such a title he must possess specific characteristics. Five of which include possession of hubris, a flaw or decision leading to desire for revenge, a reversal of good fortune brought forth by the error of judgement, acceptance of poor fortune brought forth by their actions,Read MoreAnalysis Of Arthur Miller s The Crucible 1457 Words   |  6 PagesSteven Huang Ms. Folkrod English 3, Period 7 26 October 2014 Proctor’s Pride and Downfall A tragic hero is a hero in a story whose natural flaws or wrong judgments, associates with bad fate, causes his downfall or death. In Arthur Miller’s The Crucible, there are tragic heroes. In the late 1600s, there are a series of witch trials happens at Salem, MA. John Proctor, a farmer who lives in a farm with his wife Elizabeth Proctor, is the protagonist during the Salem witch trial. John is a candid, frankRead MoreAnalysis Of Arthur Miller s The Crucible 961 Words   |  4 Pages Movie paper analysis of The crucible The circumstance brought upon a person can change them greatly. The Crucible edited and rewritten by Arthur Miller, is a movie which takes place in Salem, Massachusetts in 1692. The leading actors are Daniel Day-Lewis as Proctor, Winona Ryder as Abigail, Paul Scofield as Judge Danforth, Joan Allen as Elizabeth, Bruce Davison as Parris, and Rob Campbell as Hale. It was directed by Nicholas Hytner and was Based on the witch hunt which surrounded MassachusettsRead MoreAnalysis Of Arthur Miller s The Crucible 1732 Words   |  7 Pagesin the world. II. Biographical Arthur Miller was a controversial playwright during the 1950’s and 60’s, note because of the material that he choose to write about, but because of the events that took place surrounding one of his best works: The Crucible. One of his friends and a fellow playwright Elia Kazan was accused of being a Communist by the house Un-American Activities Committee. Elia, who had admitted to being previously a Communist during the 1930’s (long before the cold war) was askedRead MoreAnalysis Of Arthur Miller s The Crucible 1052 Words   |  5 PagesArthur Miller was one of the leading American playwrights in the 20th century. Arthur Miller was born on October 17, 1915 in Harlem New York City to Isidore and Augusta Miller (GradeSaver). After graduating from high school, Miller worked a variety of odd jobs including hosting a radio program; this was before the University of Michigan accepted him. At school, he studied journalism, became the night editor of the Michigan Daily, and began experimenting with theater and writing plays. He lived throughRead MoreAnalysis Of Arthur Miller s The Crucible 908 Words   |  4 PagesDel Giudice Mrs. Schmiedeler English 2F 21 October 2015 Crucible Essay â€Å"It takes many good deeds to build a good reputation, and only one bad one to lose it.† This is a quote by Benjamin Franklin and it explains how the puritan society in The Crucible work. this quote shows how fragile a reputation can be, you can spend your whole life increasing your reputation, but one wrong move and it’s completely wrong. In The Crucible, many of Arthur Miller’s characters are very concerned with their reputationRead MoreAnalysis Of Arthur Miller s The Crucible 2138 Words   |  9 Pages Crucible Character Essay - John Proctor #6 In Arthur Miller’s â€Å"The Crucible† the protagonist is a man by the name of John Proctor. Proctor is a very complex character because he doesn t have the cleanest history. He is a man in about his forties who had committed the sin of cheating on his wife with a young girl. This act of his gives a bad first impression to the reader. Proctor however does try to become a better man and do the right thing to save his wife s life, which changes feelingsRead MoreThe Scarlet Letter And Arthur Miller s The Crucible1050 Words   |  5 PagesNathaniel Hawthorne’s The Scarlet Letter and Arthur Miller’s The Crucible, the repercussions of committing adultery are exhibited through characters in two different puritanical societies. Arthur Dimmesdale, Hester Prynne, John Proctor, and Abigail Williams are all victims to this. Despite living in sincere societies, these characters behave hypocritically in order to hide a concealed truth, resulting in internal ignomi ny, until they ultimately confess. Arthur Dimmesdale shows his guilt and hypocritical

A Midsummer Night s Dream By Pyramus And Thisbe - 1325 Words

The inclusion of a play within a play often serves to highlight and reinforce the dramatic nature of the primary play. Pyramus and Thisbe do this exact practice in a midsummer night’s dream. Pyramus and Thisbe is the play which is performed by the mechanicals at the end of the play. Because the craftsmen are such bumbling actors, their performance satirizes the melodramatic Athenian lovers and gives the play a purely joyful, comedic ending. Pyramus and Thisbe face parental an social disapproval in the play-within-a-play, just as Hermia and Lysander do, in this sense the main storyline of both plays are fairly comparable, as both sets of lovers enter the sanctity of the woods to be together whilst evading the capture of an unjust ruler. This is a use of intertextuality which subtly drives the main story whilst playing on the minds of the audience. However the endings of the separate plays are completely different and Shakespeare juxtaposes the tragic ending of Pyramus and Thisb e with the comic ending of a midsummer night’s dream. Pyramus and Thisbe ends in tragedy when both the lovers kill themselves, yet is distorted into a comedy by the use of farce, due to the use of the language and the poor acting skills of the mechanicals. It could even be called a melodrama, whereas the final act of a midsummer night’s dream has all the functions of a comedic ending such as a happy resolution. The tragic nature of the ending in Pyramus and Thisbe serves to remind the viewer how closeShow MoreRelatedMidsummer Night s Dream And Disney s Aladdin937 Words   |  4 PagesThere s different genres of movies, plays, and stories. Horror, fantasy, tragedy, comedy, romance, mystery, etc. In these genres are different plots to each story, each ending differently. However the stories all follow the same set of elements depending on its genre. These elements separate the genres from each other, a happy ending doesn’t occur in a tragedy but is seen in comedy . Romance can end in a tragedy or with a happy ending. Modern or centuries old, each genre use these elements, whetherRead MoreEssay about Reason and Love in A Midsummer Night’s Dream1757 Words   |  8 PagesReason and love in A Midsummer Night’s Dream Shakespeare’s A Midsummer Night’s Dream is often read as a dramatization of the incompatibility of â€Å"reason and love† (III.i. 127), yet many critics pay little attention to how Shakespeare manages to draw his audience into meditating on these notions independently (Burke 116). The play is as much about the conflict between passion and reason concerning love, as it is a warning against attempting to understand love rationally. Similarly, trying to understandRead MoreA Midsummer Night s Dream By William Shakespeare1174 Words   |  5 Pages A Midsummer Night’s Dream is a comedy written by the notorious playwright Shakespeare. This story is filled with illusion and misconception, leaving the characters in a daze. Pertinent to the title of the play is this illusion in which everyone determines to be a dream. In addition to the origin of the dream is the midsummer night when it occurs. Though the story begins and concludes in Theseus’s castle in Ath ens, it mainly takes place in the woods at night. Hitherto, the story ensues on a midsummerRead More A Cubist Perspective of Shakespeares A Midsummer Nights Dream2475 Words   |  10 PagesA Cubist Perspective of Shakespeares A Midsummer Nights Dream      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The great cycle of the ages is renewed. Now Justice returns, returns the Golden Age; a new generation now descends from on high. - Virgil, Eclogues 1.5    As Virgil stated so many years ago, history is a cyclical phenomenon. The experiences of one age tend to be repeated in future generations. Knowing that, we should not be surprised to find the seeds of modern styles and philosophies sprouting in earlierRead MoreA Midsummer Night s Dream1094 Words   |  5 PagesJeana Jago Theater History J. Robideau October,1st 2015 A Midsummer Night’s Dream In a Midsummer Night’s Dream, Shakespeare story about romantic desire. Theseus and Hippolyta, are about to be married; both of them are wonderful figures from classical mythology. (Greek Mythology) Theseus is a great warrior, a kinsman of Hercules; Hippolyta is an Amazon warrior-woman, defeated in battle by Theseus. (Theseus and Hippolyta) He was longing for the wedding day, and this is what opens the play and closingRead MoreA Comparison of the Great Gatsby and the Virgin Suicides1553 Words   |  7 Pagesweather. It also used to secure winches and other stage machinery used for stage effects. On either side at the back was the stage door that lead to dressing rooms or tiring house and the actors entered and exited through here. „h In 1608 the king ¡Ã‚ ¦s men acquired a second playhouse, indoors in Blackfriars. It held 700 people with seats for all, facilities for elaborate stage effects and artificial lighting. The price of admission was higher that at public playhouses thus leading to a more selectiveRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s A Midsummer Night s Dream1474 Words   |  6 Pagesconsistent and underlying concept of romance in each of Shakespeare’s plays and related movies. For instance, one could look at the movies A Midsummer Night’s Dream and Shakespeare in Love. The latter follows the life of William Shakespeare himself, everything from his love affair with Viola de Lesseps to his creation of Romeo and Juliet. A Midsummer Night’s Dream, is one of the most famous plays of Shakespeare’s, revolving around the tumultuous relationships of four lovers, aided, and sometimes thwartedRead MoreDiscuss William Shakespeares Presentation of Order and Disorder in ‘a Midsumme r Night’s Dream’2239 Words   |  9 Pagesperformance, Theseus remarks, â€Å"How shall we find the concord of this discord?† This question relates to the whole play; the discords of Oberon and Titania and the lovers having been resolved into concord. The following mechanicals’ play of ‘Pyramus and Thisbe’ offers a new set of incongruous conjunctions reflecting - as in a distorting mirror - aspects of the earlier discords. In this play the apparently anarchic tendencies of the young lovers, of the mechanicals-as-actors, and of Puck are restrainedRead MoreWilliam Shakespeares A Midsummer Night’s Dream1973 Words   |  8 PagesWilliam Shakespeares A Midsummer Night’s Dream The focus of this discussion will be upon the language and performance possibilities of this extract from the Dream[1], following brief consideration of the manner in which the extract relates to the rest of the play in terms of plot development and the reflection of certain of the play’s themes. Performance aspects are considered alongside the distinctive features of the language, as it is suggested that the natureRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s A Midsummer Night s Dream1357 Words   |  6 Pagesmust be followed in order to uphold the established ideas of normality. These rules are imposed with the intentions of maintaining order and harmony; without them many would believe that society would fall into chaos. Within Shakespeare’s ‘A Midsummer Night’s Dream’ these rules can be undermined in the confines of settings in which the supernatural reigns, allowing the characters to grow and develop before returning to society as changed people. Through this creation of comedic disorder, characters of

Tourism and Hospitality Management Economic Sector Seek

Question: Describe about the Tourism and Hospitality Management for Economic Sector Seek. Answer: Introduction The crisis in the economic sector seeks better innovative tourism products in Australia. When the question is about the future and wealth of the nation, it is important to keep the focus on several innovations, which will contribute to the economy of the country. According to Coghlan (2012), tourism sector is considered as economic powerhouse, which determines the potential growth in the economic value of the country. In the year of 2013-2014, almost 530,000 Australians were associated with the tourism sector. The benefits derived from such contribution may add up to 250 billion revenues in next 20 years. It is noted that the visitor economy and tourism sector have been contributing more than $11 billion to the states GDP. Therefore, the innovations in the Sydney Tourism sector will contribute effective revenue to the Australian Economic Structure. The study is associated with the innovative tourism product launch to develop the sustainable tourism In Australia. It is noted that in the field of energy efficiency, Australia has scored very poor. This mismanagement of the energy transport may affect the entire tourism development of the country. Hence, the study will be discussing the launch of the energy saving vehicles for the local people and the tourists who have been visiting Sydney, Australia. Focusing on the market gaps, the study will be discussing the efficiency of such innovative tourism products, which can determine the sustainable development of tourism sector in Australia. The identification of the suitability will be facilitating the effective tourism management in the nation, which has the direct impact on the nations economic structure. Depending on such criteria, the study will be analysed by applying theoretical concepts. Description of the Proposed Tourism Products Australian transportation system has not improved yet in the field of energy efficiency. As per the International Energy Efficiency Scorecard, Australian tourism sectors are falling behind. Therefore, in order to improvise the tourism facilities, the business plan requires launching the innovative technologies used in Sydney Trains for the international tourists. It is to be noted that the consumption of fuel requires higher amount of operating costs, tyres, and wages. The tourism sector has become much competitive across the world. Weidenfeld (2013) implied that tourism sector is one of the major contributors in a nations economy. Therefore, it is important to facilitate several improvisations in such fields to remain much competitive. This particular sector is associated with the competitive business environment due to which the minute changes and improvements in fuel efficiency. The changes and the improvements brought to the fuel costs can signify a high margin of profit and stre ngthen the competitive business position. It is important to note that many of the significant opportunities for the road transport can attract more tourists in the country or city. Moreover, the adoption of the better technologies and establishment of the driver efficiency will be helpful enough in availing more opportunities in the tourism sector. It is noted that the City Circle Tram facilities are already available in Melbourne to explore the special attractions of the city (Skynews.com.au, 2016). However, in Sydney, no such transport system is available for the tourists. Moreover, the energy scorecard is also very poor. The consumptions of the fuel are excessively creating pollution and it requires more investments. The launch of innovative equipments of Sydney Trains is the best solution to benefit the community and the tourists who have been visiting the city. This particular transport product is maintaining biodiversity, which is effective enough for saving energy and reducing the operational costs for the fuel consumptions. Conceptual Analysis of the Proposed Products and the fulfilment of Market Gaps It is important to mention that the rail transport is effective enough in saving the energy efficiency mode (Sydneytrains.info, 2016). The amount of gas emissions per passenger is much lesser than the car and other vehicles. The rising price of the fuel consumptions is creating the significant pressure on the transport sector. Unlike many other cities, Sydney is falling behind in the energy saving parameters. Reduce of the fuel is necessary for maintaining environmental welfare. Due to the climate change policies, the fuel costs automatically increases. Therefore, in order to minimise the greenhouse gas and fuel consumption rate, it is required to launch an effective transport system in Sydney. The Sydney Train is one of those most significant tourism products that are creating the impact on increasing the energy efficiency (Sydneytrains.info, 2016). It is noted that the external cost associated with the air and noise pollutions, infrastructures, accidents, and private vehicles is le ss in the rail transportations. Moreover, the urban rail transport system is quite feasible and safer than the other road transports. The launch of the Sydney Trains is quite effective for providing the community benefits. It is one of the most relaxing forms of transport system, which provides the comfortable travelling services around the city. The improvised version of the business, events, shopping distance, and other social activities can be facilitated with the help of such innovative transport system. In keeping focus on the market gaps, it is seen that the Sydney falls behind in case of the using energy saving vehicles (Theconversation.com, 2014). Therefore, it is important to launch a transport system, which consumes lesser fuel and maintains the biodiversity. In order to fulfil the gap, it is essential to recognise the responsibility towards the environment. Sydney Train is an effective innovation, which strives to improve the environmental performance by ensuring several aspects. For example, this particular innovative transport system helps in maintaining air quality, noise and vibration, biodiversity, and energy management. Another major and recognisable gap is the frequent climate change. In considering such challenges associated with the climate change purposes, Sydney Train contributes much efficiency by maintaining several key initiatives. The innovative equipment of this transport system is associated with the regenerative breaking capability (Mulley Ho, 2013). The tra ction motor is thus used as the generator for saving the electricity (Sciencedirect.com, 2016). The Federal Government organises the Energy Efficiency Opportunities programmes, which are identifying the underlying opportunities for greater energy saving efficiency. This transport is even using the innovative LED lights and photo-voltaic technology in some of the stations. Apart from such facilities, this vehicle is even considering the requirements of the greenhouse gas and energy saving purposes. The establishment of the ecologically sustainable development is the major focus of the planning and procurement process. It is noted that Earth Hour is a global climate change programme and this innovative transport system has been participating in such initiatives. The stations and the depots include the water tanks, which reserves water for the future water saving purposes. Linking with the Other Transportation Systems The current world has become much advanced and technically innovative. Therefore, it is necessary to maintain several innovative technologies to provide the better tourism experiences to the tourists. Focusing on such requirements, Sydney Train has been introducing several unique technologies, which are maintaining the environmental welfare (Greaves, Backman Ellison, 2014). These technologies are efficient enough in reserving the energy resources and providing the people a world class tourism experience. The innovative technologies used in Sydney Train is saving the energy and reducing the greenhouse gas emissions. On the contrary, it is noted that the transports in Sydney are consuming a huge amount of fuels, which eventually creates the air pollution. Moreover, the excessive consumption of fuels is ensuring a high amount of operational costs. Hence, it is necessary to determine several tourism products, which is not only maintaining the environmental welfare, rather contributing t o the economic parameter as well. The major focus is to establish the biodiversity and energy reservation. In order to attract more tourists, it is necessary to implement the innovative technologies that will provide the world class experiences. Sydney Train is thus using such innovative technologies to establish the competitive sustainable tourism management in this current world (Duval, 2013). Moreover, it has been noticed that Sydney lacks the proper transportation facilities that are saving the energy. In such regards, this innovative technologies used in Sydney Train is much helpful in protecting the environment by saving energies. The lesser consumption of the fuels will save the operational costs and ensure the fulfilment of the sustainable tourism development. The public transports in Sydney are considering the extensive network of the operating modes. These transports include ferries, buses, commuter rails, and light rails. Both the local people and visitors have been availing the opportunities of world class travel experiences. It is even noted that Sydney has the highest rate of the public transport for both the local people and the tourists. Hence, the expenditures in fuels are also higher. The launch of the innovative technological tools, LED lights for the stations, and photo vehicles are reducing the operational costs of the fuels and maintaining the biodiversity efficiency. In fact, launching such innovative tourism products are contributing to the overall economy of the nation. Sydney Train is one of the most convenient transportations for the passengers. Previously, this mean of transport was associated with a complex system of integrated rail system. However, the improvisation and launch of the new technologies has simplified th e transports system and tourism experiences. Target Market for the Proposed Product and Service `Sydney Train is one of the most convenient transport systems for the people in Sydney. The launch of the innovative technologies like LED lights, Photo vehicles, and energy savings has been simplifying the transport complexities and reducing the emissions of fuels. Sydney Tram is therefore targeting both the local people and visitors for experiencing the word class travel. It is seen that the Sydney is mainly oriented with business areas, entertainment places, restaurants, Opera House, and many other places. Therefore, the local people and the visitors can travel through such vehicles. The innovative technologies introduced for the better tourism management is also attracting the travellers in Sydney. Due to the climate, ambience, tourists spots, and convenient locations many people visit this city. In such times, the services of Sydney Train are remarkable. Moreover, the launch of the innovative technologies is even ensuring the reduction of the fuel operational costs. It is necess ary to keep the focus on such investment parameters. Depending on the requirements, the budget estimation and implementation plan will be evaluated further. Financial Estimation Statement of Cost and Price for the first financial year Particulars Cost per unit $ Units/ labour hours Total cost $ Direct Materials: LED Lights 100 112,000 11,200,000.00 Voltaic Technology software 150 100,000 15,000,000.00 Direct wages: Skilled drivers 120 4,500 hours 540,000.00 Drivers under training 95 4,500 hours 427,500.00 Other direct expenditures 225 112,000 25,200,000.00 Prime cost 690 52,367,500.00 Add: Works overhead costs 200 112,000 22,400,000.00 Gross/ factory overhead 890 74,767,500.00 Add: Cost of administration 175 112,000 19,600,000.00 Cost of production 1065 94,367,500.00 Add: Selling and distribution overheads 150 112,000 16,800,000.00 Cost of Sales 1215 111,167,500.00 Less: Expected Sales 1750 112,000 196,000,000.00 Expected Profit/ (loss) 535 112,000 59,920,000.00 Statement of Cost and Price for the second financial year Particulars Cost per unit $ Units/ labor hours Total cost $ Direct Materials: LED Lights 120 112,000 13,440,000.00 Voltaic Technology software 150 100,000 15,000,000.00 Direct wages: Skilled drivers 130 4,500 hours 540,000.00 Drivers under training 100 4,500 hours 450,000.00 Other direct expenditures 215 112,000 24,080,000.00 Prime cost 715 53,510,000.00 Add: Works overhead costs 190 112,000 21,280,000.00 Gross/ factory overhead 905 74,790,000.00 Add: Cost of administration 170 112,000 19,040,000.00 Cost of production 1075 93,830,000.00 Add: Selling and distribution overheads 155 112,000 17,360,000.00 Cost of Sales 1230 111,190,000.00 Less: Expected Sales 1850 112,000 207,200,000.00 Expected Profit/ (loss) 620 112,000 69,440,000.00 Statement of Cost and Price for the third financial year 2018 Particulars Cost per unit $ Units/ labour hours Total cost $ Direct Materials: LED Lights 125 112,000 14,000,000.00 Voltaic Technology software 155 100,000 15,500,000.00 Direct wages: Skilled drivers 135 4,500 hours 540,000.00 Drivers under training 105 4,500 hours 472,500.00 Other direct expenditures 210 112,000 23,520,000.00 Prime cost 730 54,032,500.00 Add: Works overhead costs 180 112,000 20,160,000.00 Gross/ factory overhead 910 74,192,500.00 Add: Cost of administration 160 112,000 17,920,000.00 Cost of production 1070 92,112,500.00 Add: Selling and distribution overheads 155 112,000 17,360,000.00 Cost of Sales 1225 109,472,500.00 Less: Expected Sales 1900 112,000 212,800,000.00 Expected Profit/ (loss) 675 112,000 75,600,000.00 Note: It may be noted that during the first financial year the expected profit from the project is $59,920,000 with a percentage to cost is 53% approximately. In the second year, it is expected that the profit will increase by 8% as well as by 7% in the third year. The projected cost statement has been prepared by introducing the materials of LED lights and relevant software for the voltaic technology to implement the operation of lights in the transportation system. Further, labour cost has been allocated by involving the skilled drivers and semi- skilled drivers to operate the train vehicle. Proposed implementation Plan The investment for the proposed project is equal to the amount of total cost during the first year i.e. $111.20 million. It has been proposed that the 35% of the investment will be borrowed from the banks and financial institution at an interest rate of 7.05% while 30% of the amount will be invested from own sources of fund and the balance amount will be raised from the investors at an interest rate of 8.00%. Recommendations The entire study has been focusing on the launch of the innovative technologies in Sydney Train. This specific transportation system is much convenient place for the travellers. If focused with more details, it can be seen that Sydney is a place, which includes many of the special attractions. Hence, the transport services are needed to be more convenient, simple, and appreciable. In previous times, it is noted that the rail transport services were much complex. Therefore, it is necessary to simplify the system and introduce the innovative technologies for remaining competitive. In order to achieve such purposes, the business plan has been focusing on launching the new and innovative technologies for this train. The launch of LED Lights, Photo Vehicles, and energy saving technologies is maintaining the biodiversity and enhancing the transport efficiency. Sydney has scored poor in the energy saving efficiency and the launch of such new technologies will diminish such allegations forev er. Depending on such requirements, few of the recommendations are needed to be followed. Efficient Drivers The new technologies are saving the maximum amount of energy, which eventually reducing the operational costs for fuels. However, it is essential to use such vehicles in a significant way. The drivers are needed to be trained for using such innovative technologies. Some of the tourists have been exploring the special attractions through the railway. In such cases, if the drivers would be efficient enough to use such technologies, the fuel consumptions will be reduced. The operational costs will also be reduced and it will be benefiting the investment costs for the estimated budget. Therefore, it can be inferred that the driver efficiency is necessary for implementing such technologies. Fixing the Budget It is noted that the using energy saving technologies is reducing the fuel consumptions. Hence, the operational costs associated with such fuel consumptions will be reduced altogether. In such cases, it is necessary to plan the budget in a structured way. The operational team for such tourism products need to allocate the resource by reviewing the efficient budget planning. The monitoring of such planning system is thus essential for resource allocations. The capital investment will ensure the cost of the materials that is required for implementing such technologies. Hence, the budget planning and fixing the budget are also considered as most preferable recommendations for this business plan. Demonstration of the Innovative Technologies In order to launch the innovative technologies, the most important aspect is to make people aware of such innovations. If the target market will be provided a clear demonstration of the benefits that are derived from such vehicles, it will promote the brand identity more significantly. Therefore, it is necessary to adopt the proper event and demonstration process which can attract more travellers to receive a world class travel experiences. Both the local residents and the tourists will be attracted towards using such technologies. Participating in the biodiversity programmes The uses of the energy saving technologies are reducing the fuel consumptions. Therefore, it is pollution free and serves as the environmental welfare tourism products. It is important to participate in the biodiversity programme to determine the initiatives of energy efficiency. Moreover, Sydney scored very less in determining such energy efficiency process. Hence, participating in such programme would be fruitful enough to determine the role of the energy saving technologies that are used in the vehicles. Accordingly, it will attract more people from different countries as well. Conclusion The study has been following the launch of the innovative technologies in Sydney Train, which is one of the most convenient transport systems in Sydney. Both the local people and the tourists can avail the opportunity to receive a world class experience of travelling across the city. It is needed to be stated that the focus on the environmental welfare is essential to strengthen the competitive position of the transport tourism. The launch of the transport technologies would be effective enough in reducing the fuel consumptions and operational costs. Focusing on such aspects, the budget will be structured accordingly. Moreover, the driver efficiency is highly recommended. The implementation of the biodiversity programme will be encouraging the travellers to understand the requirements of the energy efficiency. With the help of such energy saving technologies, the fuel costs will be reduced. Accordingly, it will contribute to the overall economic structure of the nation. References Coghlan, A. (2012). Facilitating reef tourism management through an innovative importance-performance analysis method.Tourism Management,33(4), 767-775. 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